Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) is a deciduous shrub known for its astringent, dark purple berries. The berries are high in antioxidants and used in juices, jams, and wines. Chokeberry plants are also valued for their ornamental white flowers and colorful fall foliage.

Outputs

Functions

Footnotes

  1. Gaia’s Garden - A Guide to Home-Scale Permaculture, 2nd Edition Appendix

  2. Gaia’s Garden - A Guide to Home-Scale Permaculture, 2nd Edition Table 10-1 2