Ilex aquifolium - Common holly

Common holly (Ilex aquifolium) is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to Europe, including the Mediterranean region, widely grown as a clipped hedge and valued by wildlife for its winter berries. The berries are purgative and toxic in quantity.

Inputs

• Hardiness zone 5¹
• Hardiness zone 6¹
• Hardiness zone 7¹
• Hardiness zone 8¹
• Hardiness zone 9¹

Outputs

• Human food¹
• Medicinal use¹
• Wood¹
• Fuel¹

Type

• Ilex spp. - Holly
• Shrub
• Evergreen
• Perennial

Functions

• Hedge¹
• Wildlife habitat¹
• Pollination¹

Footnotes

1. Ilex aquifolium | Plants for a Future ↩ ↩² ↩³ ↩⁴ ↩⁵ ↩⁶ ↩⁷ ↩⁸ ↩⁹ ↩¹⁰ ↩¹¹ ↩¹²