Willows, thriving in moist environments such as wetlands and floodplains, are vital for soil stabilization and water filtration, absorbing excess nutrients and contaminants to improve water quality. They support a wide range of wildlife, including pollinators like bees, birds, and mammals, by providing essential habitats and food sources.

Functions

Footnotes

  1. Gaia’s Garden - A Guide to Home-Scale Permaculture, 2nd Edition Table 6-2 2